Kei te whakaaro koe me pēhea te whiriwhiri i ngā rakau whakarewa rakau tika mō te tono?
Tikina ngā whakautu ki ngā pātai e pā ana ki te hiko rakau.
Ahakoa he DIYer koe e mahi ana i ngā whakapiripiri i ētahi wā i te tau, he tohunga whakapiripiri rānei e mahi ana i ia rā, kotahi te mea e tino mōhiotia ana: He nui te pūkenga e hiahiatia ana mō te whakapiripiri whakapiripiri. Me mōhio anō hoki ki ngā hiko whakapiripiri (e kiia ana ko ngā tokotoko whakapiripiri).
Nā te mea he pānga nui ngā taurangi pēnei i ngā tikanga rokiroki, te whānui o te irahiko me te hanganga rerenga ki te kōwhiringa me te mahi a te tokotoko rākau, mā te mōhio ki ētahi mōhiotanga taketake ka āwhina i a koe ki te whakaiti i te rangirua me te whakarite kia angitu ake te whakarewa rākau.
1. He aha ngā hiko rākau e whakamahia whānuitia ana?
E rau, ki te kore e mano, ngā irahiko rākau e wātea ana, engari ko te mea tino rongonui kei roto i te Whakatakotoranga A5.1 a te American Welding Society (AWS) mō ngā irahiko maitai waro mō te whakarewa whakarewa ārai. Kei roto i ēnei ko ngā irahiko E6010, E6011, E6012, E6013, E7014, E7024 me te E7018.
2. He aha te tikanga o ngā whakarōpūtanga hiko rakau AWS?
Hei āwhina i te tautuhi i ngā irahiko rākau, ka whakamahia e te AWS tētahi pūnaha whakarōpūtanga paerewa. Ko ngā whakarōpūtanga he tau me he reta kua tāia ki ngā taha o ngā irahiko rākau, ā, ko ia whakarōpūtanga he tohu i ngā āhuatanga motuhake o ngā irahiko.
Mō ngā hiko maitai ngawari kua whakahuatia i runga ake nei, koinei te mahi a te pūnaha AWS:
● Ko te reta “E” e tohu ana i tētahi hikohiko.
● Ko ngā mati tuatahi e rua e tohu ana i te kaha kume iti rawa o te whakarewanga, e inehia ana i roto i ngā pauna mō ia inihi tapawha (psi). Hei tauira, ko te tau 70 i roto i te hiko E7018 e tohu ana ka puta he porotaka whakarewa me te kaha kume iti rawa o te 70,000 psi.
● Ko te mati tuatoru e tohu ana i te(ngā) tūranga whakarewa e taea ai te whakamahi i te hikohiko. Hei tauira, ko te tikanga o te 1 ka taea te whakamahi i te hikohiko i ngā tūranga katoa, ā, ko te tikanga o te 2 ka taea te whakamahi i runga i ngā whakarewa papatahi me ngā whakarewa whakapae anake.
● Ko te mati tuawhā e tohu ana i te momo paninga me te momo iahiko whakarewa (AC, DC, e rua rānei) ka taea te whakamahi me te hiko.
3. He aha ngā rerekētanga i waenga i ngā irahiko E6010, E6011, E6012 me E6013, ā, āhea me whakamahi ai?
● Ka taea anake te whakamahi i ngā hiko E6010 me ngā pūtake hiko iahiko tika (DC). Ka tukuna e rātou he urunga hohonu, ā, ka taea te keri i roto i te waikura, te hinu, te peita me te paru. He maha ngā kaiwhakarewa paipa mohio e whakamahi ana i ēnei hiko tūranga-katoa mō ngā ara whakarewa pakiaka i runga i te paipa. Heoi, he tino kikī te pewa o ngā hiko E6010, ka uaua ai te whakamahi mā ngā kaiwhakarewa tauhou.
● Ka taea hoki te whakamahi i ngā irahiko E6011 mō te whakarewa i ngā tūranga katoa mā te whakamahi i tētahi pūtake hiko whakarewa iahiko tauutuutu (AC). Pērā i ngā irahiko E6010, ka puta he pewa hohonu, he āputaputa ka tapahia ngā konganuku kua waikura, kua poke rānei. He maha ngā kaiwhakarewa e whiriwhiri ana i ngā irahiko E6011 mō ngā mahi tiaki me te whakatika ina kore e wātea he pūtake hiko DC.
● He pai te mahi a ngā irahiko E6012 i ngā mahi e hiahia ana kia honoa ngā āputa i waenga i ngā hononga e rua. He maha ngā kaiwhakarewa ngaio e whiriwhiri ana i ngā irahiko E6012 mō ngā whakarewa tere-rahi, tere-auau i te tūnga whakapae, engari he pāpaku ake te urunga o ēnei irahiko me te paru matotoru e hiahia ana kia horoia anō i muri i te whakarewanga.
● Ka puta he pewa ngohengohe i ngā irahiko E6013, he iti noa te tauhiuhi, he paku noa te urunga, ā, he ngāwari te tango i te para. Me whakamahi noa ēnei irahiko hei whakarewa i te pepa whakarewa hou, ma.
4. He aha ngā rerekētanga i waenga i ngā irahiko E7014, E7018 me E7024, ā, āhea me whakamahi ai?
● He rite tonu te kaha o ngā hiko E7014 ki ngā hiko E6012, ā, he mea hanga mō te whakamahi i runga i ngā maitai waro me ngā maitai iti-koranu. He nui ake te paura rino kei roto i ngā hiko E7014, ka piki ake te tere whakatakotoranga. Ka taea hoki te whakamahi i ngā amperage teitei ake i ngā hiko E6012.
● He matotoru te rere o ngā irahiko E7018 me te nui o te paura, ā, ko tētahi o ngā irahiko ngāwari ki te whakamahi. Ka puta he pewa maeneene, he marino hoki ēnei irahiko, he iti noa te tauhiuhi me te urunga pewa waenga. He maha ngā kaiwhakarewa e whakamahi ana i ngā irahiko E7018 hei whakarewa i ngā konganuku matotoru pērā i te maitai hanganga. Ka puta hoki i ngā irahiko E7018 he whakarewa kaha me ngā āhuatanga pānga teitei (ahakoa i te rangi makariri) ā, ka taea te whakamahi ki runga i te maitai waro, te waro-tiketike, te koranu iti, te maitai pakari-tiketike rānei.
● He nui te paura rino kei roto i ngā irahiko E7024 e āwhina ana ki te whakanui ake i ngā tere whakatakotoranga. He maha ngā kaiwhakarewa e whakamahi ana i ngā irahiko E7024 mō ngā whakarewanga whakapae, papatahi rānei tere-teitei. He pai te mahi a ēnei irahiko ki runga i te pereti maitai he 1/4-inihi te matotoru. Ka taea hoki te whakamahi ki runga i ngā konganuku he nui ake i te 1/2-inihi te matotoru.
5. Me pēhea te whiriwhiri i tētahi hiko rākau?
Tuatahi, tīpakohia he hiko rākau e ōrite ana ki ngā āhuatanga kaha me te hanganga o te konganuku turanga. Hei tauira, ina mahi ana i runga i te maitai ngawari, ko te tikanga ka mahi tetahi hiko E60, E70 rānei.
Muri iho, whakatauritea te momo hiko ki te tūranga whakarewa, ā, whakaarohia te pūtake hiko e wātea ana. Kia maumahara, ko ētahi hiko ka taea anake te whakamahi me te DC, te AC rānei, ko ētahi atu hiko ka taea te whakamahi me te DC me te AC.
Aromatawaihia te hoahoa hononga me te taunga, ka tīpako i tētahi hiko e whakarato ana i ngā āhuatanga uru pai rawa atu (keri, waenga, māmā rānei). Ina mahi ana i tētahi hononga he taunga piri, he hononga rānei kāore i te piko, ka whakaratohia e ngā hiko pēnei i te E6010, i te E6011 rānei he pewa keri hei whakarite kia rawaka te uru. Mō ngā rauemi angiangi, mō ngā hononga rānei he whānui ngā pūaha pakiaka, tīpakohia he hiko he pewa māmā, he pewa ngohengohe rānei pēnei i te E6013.
Hei karo i te pakaru o te whakarewa i runga i ngā rauemi matotoru, taumaha, me/ranei ngā hoahoa hononga uaua, whiriwhiria he hiko he tino ngāwari. Whakaarohia hoki te āhua o te mahi ka pā ki te wāhanga me ngā whakaritenga me tutuki. Ka whakamahia rānei i roto i te taiao pāmahana iti, pāmahana teitei, taiao uta-ru rānei? Mō ēnei tono, he pai te mahi a te hiko E7018 hauwai iti.
Whakaarohia hoki te whai huatanga o te whakaputanga. Ina mahi ana i te tūranga papatahi, ko ngā irahiko he nui te paura rino, pērā i te E7014, te E7024 rānei, ka nui ake te tere o te whakatakotoranga.
Mō ngā tono tino nui, tirohia tonu ngā whakatakotoranga me ngā tikanga whakarewa mō te momo hiko.
6. He aha te mahi a te rerenga e karapoti ana i te hiko rākau?
Ko ngā irahiko rākau katoa he tokotoko e karapotia ana e te paninga e kiia nei ko te rerenga, he maha ngā mahi nui e whai hua ana. Ko te rerenga, ko te hipoki rānei, i runga i te irahiko e tohu ana i te wāhi me te pēhea e taea ai te whakamahi i te irahiko.
Ina pāngia he pewa, ka mura te rere, ā, ka puta he raupapa o ngā tauhohenga matū uaua. I te mura o ngā kai rere i roto i te pewa whakarewa, ka tukuna e rātou he hau tiaki hei tiaki i te puna whakarewa rewa mai i ngā poke o te hau. Ina whakamatao te puna whakarewa, ka hangaia e te rere he para hei tiaki i te konganuku whakarewa mai i te waikura me te ārai i te porosity i roto i te pīrere whakarewa.
Kei roto hoki i te rere ngā huānga ionizing e whakau ake ai te pewa (ina koa i te wā e whakarewahia ana me te pūtake hiko AC), me ngā koranu e hoatu ana ki te whakarewa tōna ngāwari me te kaha kume.
Ka whakamahia e ētahi irahiko te rere me te kukū teitei ake o te paura rino hei āwhina i te whakanui ake i ngā tere whakatakotoranga, ko ētahi kei roto he tango waikura tāpiri hei mahi horoi, ā, ka taea te uru ki roto i ngā wahi mahi kua waikura, kua paru rānei, ki te tauine mira rānei.
7. Āhea me whakamahi te hiko rakau whakatakotoranga teitei?
Ka taea e ngā irahiko tere whakatakotoranga teitei te āwhina i te whakaoti i tētahi mahi kia tere ake, engari he iti noa iho ngā herenga o ēnei irahiko. Nā te paura rino tāpiri i roto i ēnei irahiko ka nui ake te wai o te puna whakarewa, arā, kāore e taea te whakamahi i ngā irahiko whakatakotoranga teitei ki ngā tono i waho o te tūranga.
Kāore hoki e taea te whakamahi mō ngā tono nui, mō ngā tono rānei e hiahiatia ana he waehere, pērā i te hanga oko pehanga, i te hanga poiha rānei, ina pāngia ngā pirepire whakarewa e te ahotea teitei.
He kōwhiringa pai rawa atu ngā irahiko whakatakotoranga teitei mō ngā tono kore-tino nui, pērā i te whakarewa i tētahi tāke rokiroki wai māmā, i ētahi wahi whakarewa kore-hanganga e rua rānei.
8. He aha te huarahi tika mō te penapena me te whakamaroke anō i ngā hiko rākau?
Ko te taiao wera, iti te haumākū te taiao rokiroki pai rawa atu mō ngā hiko rākau. Hei tauira, he maha ngā hiko E7018 maitai ngawari, iti te hauwai me penapena ki te pāmahana i waenga i te 250- me te 300-tohu Fahrenheit.
Ko te tikanga, he teitei ake ngā pāmahana whakahou mō ngā irahiko i te pāmahana rokiroki, ā, ka āwhina tēnei ki te whakakore i te makuku nui. Hei whakahou i ngā irahiko iti-hauwai E7018 i kōrerotia i runga ake nei, ko te taiao whakahou kei waenganui i te 500 ki te 800 nekehanga F mō te kotahi ki te rua hāora.
Ko ētahi irahiko, pērā i te E6011, me penapena maroke noa i te pāmahana rūma, e whakamāramatia ana ko ngā taumata haumākū kāore e neke ake i te 70 ōrau i te pāmahana i waenga i te 40 me te 120 nekehanga F.
Mō ngā wā me ngā pāmahana motuhake mō te rokiroki me te whakatikatika, me tirotiro tonu i ngā taunakitanga a te kaihanga.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-23-2022