He mea āwhina te mōhio ki ngā kaupapa matua o ngā irahiko rakau hauwai-iti E7018 hei mārama ki te whakapai ake i tā rātou mahi, tōna pai me ngā momo whakarewa ka taea e rātou te whakaputa.
He mea nui tonu te whakarewa rakau mō ngā mahi whakarewa maha, nā te mea he pai tonu ngā rauemi e whakamahia ana i roto i ngā mahi maha, ā, e mōhiotia whānuitia ana tēnei e ngā kaiwhakahaere whakarewa. Mō te whakarewa rakau, he mea noa ngā hiko rakau E7018 a te American Welding Society (AWS; Miami, FL) nā te mea he pai ngā āhuatanga miihini me ngā āhuatanga matū mō ngā mahi maha, me te iti hoki o ngā taumata hauwai hei āwhina i te ārai i te pakaru i puta mai i te hauwai.
He āwhina te mōhio ki ngā kaupapa matua mō ngā hikohiko rakau iti-hauwai E7018 ki te mārama ki tā rātou mahi, te mahi, me ngā whakarewanga ka puta. Hei tikanga whānui, he iti ngā taumata tauhiuhi a ngā hikohiko rakau E7018, ā, he maeneene, he pumau, he marino hoki te pewa. Mā ēnei āhuatanga whakarewa whakakī ka pai te whakahaere a te kaiwhakahaere whakarewanga i te pewa, ā, ka whakaitihia te hiahia mō te horoinga i muri i te whakarewanga — he mea nui ēnei i roto i ngā tono e hiahia ana kia aro nui ki te kounga whakarewanga me te whakaurunga wera, me ērā hoki e whai wā kati pakari ana.
He pai ngā tere whakatakotoranga me te urunga pai o ēnei irahiko, ko te tikanga ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere whakarewa te tāpiri i te konganuku whakarewa ki roto i te hononga i roto i te wā kua whakaritea i te maha atu o ngā irahiko rakau (pēnei i te E6010, i te E6011 rānei), ā, ka taea tonu te karo i ngā hapa whakarewa pēnei i te korenga o te hanumi. Mā te tāpiri i ngā huānga pēnei i te paura rino, te konupūmā, me te silicon ki ēnei irahiko ka puta he painga motuhake, tae atu ki (engari kāore i te herea ki) te kaha ki te whakarewa angitu i roto i ētahi paru, paru, tauine mira rānei.
Ko te tīmatanga me te tīmatanga anō o te pewa pai, e āwhina ana ki te whakakore i ngā raruraru pēnei i te porosity i te tīmatanga o te whakarewa, he painga anō o ngā irahiko rakau E7018. Mō ngā whiunga anō pai (te tīmatanga anō o te pewa), me tango tuatahi te putunga silicon e puta ana i te pito o te irahiko. Heoi, he mea nui kia manatokohia ngā whakaritenga katoa i mua i te whakarewanga, nā te mea kāore ētahi ture, ētahi tikanga rānei e whakaae ana kia whiunga anō ngā irahiko rakau.
E ai ki tā rātou whakarōpūtanga AWS, ko te kaha kume o ngā irahiko rakau E7018 he 70,000 psi te iti rawa (e tohuhia ana e te "70") ā, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā tūranga whakarewa katoa (e tohuhia ana e te "1"). Ko te "8" e pā ana ki te paninga hauwai-iti, me te urunga waenga e whakaratohia ana e te irahiko me ngā momo o nāianei e hiahiatia ana mō te mahi. Haunga te whakarōpūtanga AWS paerewa, ka taea e ngā irahiko rakau E7018 te whai tohu tāpiri pērā i te "H4" me te "H8" e pā ana ki te nui o te hauwai horapa o ngā putunga whakarewa whakakī i roto i te whakarewa. Hei tauira, ko te tohu H4 e tohu ana he 4 ml, iti iho rānei o te hauwai horapa o te putunga whakarewa mō ia 100 karamu o te whakarewa whakarewa.
Kua whakamatautauria ngā hikohiko me te tohu "R" — pērā i te E7018 H4R — ā, kua kiia e te kaihanga he ātete ki te makuku. Hei whiwhi i tēnei tohu, me ātete te hua i te makuku i roto i tētahi awhe kua whakaritea i muri i te whakatōngia ki te pāmahana 80 deg F me te haumākū whanaunga 80 ōrau mō te iwa hāora.
Hei whakamutunga, ko te whakamahinga o te "-1" i runga i te whakarōpūtanga hiko rakau (hei tauira, E7018-1) e tohu ana ka tukuna e te hua he pakari pānga kua pai ake hei āwhina i te ātete ki te pakaru i roto i ngā tono nui, i ngā pāmahana iti iho rānei.
Ka taea e ngā irahiko rakau iti-hauwai E7018 te mahi me te pūtake hiko iahiko pumau (CC) e whakarato ana i te iahiko hurihuri (AC) me te iahiko tika (DCEP). Kei ngā konganuku whakakī E7018 ētahi atu whakau pewa me/ranei te paura rino i roto i te paninga hei āwhina i te pupuri i te pewa pumau i te wā e whakarewa ana mā te whakamahi i te iahiko AC. Ko te painga matua o te whakamahi i te AC me ngā irahiko E7018 ko te whakakore i te pupuhi pewa, ka puta pea i te wā e whakarewa ana i te DC mā te whakamahi i te whenua iti iho i te pai, i te wā rānei e whakarewa ana i ngā wāhanga aukume. Ahakoa he whakau pewa tāpiri, kāore pea ngā whakarewa i hangaia mā te whakamahi i te AC i te tino maeneene pērā i ērā i hangaia ki te DC, heoi, nā te huringa tonu o te ahunga iahiko e puta ana tae atu ki te 120 ngā wā ia hekona.
I te wā e whakarewahia ana me te iahiko DCEP, ka taea e ēnei irahiko te whakarato i te whakahaere māmā ake o te pewa me te pītiti whakarewa ataahua ake, nā te mea he pumau te ahunga o te rere o te iahiko. Mō ngā hua pai rawa atu, whai i ngā taunakitanga a te kaihanga mō ngā tawhā whakahaere mō te diameter o te irahiko.
Pērā i ngā tukanga me ngā irahiko katoa, he mea nui te tikanga tika mō te whakarewa rakau me ngā irahiko rakau E7018 kia pai ai te kounga o te whakarewa. Puritia he pewa kia piri tonu — ko te mea pai ko te pupuri i te irahiko ki runga ake i te puna whakarewa — kia mau tonu ai te pewa pumau, kia iti ake ai hoki te tūponotanga o te porosity.
I te wā e whakarewa ana i ngā tūranga papatahi me ngā tūranga whakapae, tōia/tōia te hikohiko mai i te 5 nekehanga ki te 15 nekehanga mai i te ahunga e haere ana hei āwhina i te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te mau o te paru ki roto i te whakarewa. I te wā e whakarewa ana i te tūranga poutū-ki-runga, tōia/panahia te hikohiko ki runga mai i te 3 nekehanga ki te 5 nekehanga i a koe e haere ana ki runga, ā, whakamahia he tikanga raranga paku hei āwhina i te ārai i te piko o te whakarewa. Ko te whānui o te pīrere whakarewa me rua me te haurua te whānui o te waea matua o te hikohiko mō ngā whakarewa papatahi me ngā whakarewa whakapae, ā, me rua me te haurua ki te toru ngā wā o te whānui matua mō ngā whakarewa poutū-ki-runga.
Ko ngā hiko rakau E7018 ka tukuna mai i te kaihanga i roto i tētahi takai hiri kua hiritia hei tiaki i a rātou mai i te kino o te makuku me te kohi. He mea nui kia mau tonu taua takai, kia rongoatia hoki ki tētahi wāhi ma, maroke tae noa ki te wā e rite ai ngā hua mō te whakamahi. Kia whakatuwheratia, me whakamahi karapu ma, maroke hei ārai i te paru me ngā para e piri ana ki te paninga, kia kore ai hoki e kohi te makuku. Me pupuri hoki ngā hiko ki roto i te oumu i ngā pāmahana kua tūtohutia e te kaihanga i muri i te whakatuwheratanga.
Kei roto i ētahi ture te roa o te noho o ngā hiko rakau i waho o te takai hiri, i te oumu rokiroki rānei, me te auau o te whakatikatika i te konganuku whakakī (arā, mā te tunu motuhake hei tango i te makuku mimiti) i mua i te maka atu. Me tirotiro tonu i ngā whakaritenga me ngā ture e tika ana mō ngā whakaritenga o ia mahi.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-23-2022